Ihlukile ku-soda ash (i-sodium carbonate, i-Na2CO3) nakuba ibizwa ngokuthi “i-alkali”, kodwa empeleni ingeyekhemikhali kasawoti, kanye ne-caustic soda (i-sodium hydroxide, i-NaOH) iyi-alkali yangempela encibilika emanzini, e-corrosive enamandla ne-hygroscopic. impahla.I-soda ash kanye ne-caustic soda kubuye kubizwe ngokuthi "ama-alkali amabili ezimbonini", kokubili okuyingxenye yemboni kasawoti namakhemikhali.Nakuba zihluke kakhulu komunye nomunye ngokwenqubo yokukhiqiza kanye nefomu lomkhiqizo, ukufana kwazo ezimpahleni zamakhemikhali kuzenza zithathe indawo ngezinga elithile kwezinye izinkambu ezingezansi komfula, futhi ukuthambekela kwazo kwentengo nakho kubonisa ukuhlobana okusobala okuhle.
1. Izinqubo ezahlukene zokukhiqiza
I-Caustic soda iyingxenye emaphakathi yochungechunge lwezimboni ze-chlor-alkali.Imboni yayo yokukhiqiza kancane kancane yathathelwa indawo yi-electrolysis kusukela endleleni ye-caustic ekuqaleni, futhi ekugcineni yaguqukela endleleni yamanje ye-ionic membrane electrolysis.Sekuyiyona ndlela evamile yokukhiqizwa kwe-caustic soda e-China, okungaphezu kuka-99% wesamba, futhi inqubo yokukhiqiza ihlangene ngokuqhathaniswa.Inqubo yokukhiqiza umlotha wesoda ihlukaniswe ngendlela ye-ammonia alkali, indlela ye-alkali ehlangene kanye nendlela ye-alkali yemvelo, lapho indlela ye-ammonia alkali ibalwa ngama-49%, indlela ye-alkali ehlanganisiwe ibalelwa ku-46% futhi indlela ye-alkali yemvelo ibalwa cishe ngama-5%.Ngokukhiqizwa kwephrojekthi ye-Trona ye-Yuanxing Energy ngonyaka ozayo, ingxenye ye-trona izokwenyuka.Izindleko kanye nenzuzo yezinqubo ezahlukene zokukhiqiza i-soda ash zihluka kakhulu, phakathi kwazo izindleko ze-trona ziphansi kakhulu.
2. Izigaba zemikhiqizo ehlukene
Kunezinhlobo ezimbili zesoda ye-caustic evame ukutholakala emakethe: i-soda ewuketshezi kanye nesoda eqinile.I-soda yoketshezi ingahlukaniswa ibe yi-30% ye-liquid base, i-32% ye-liquid base, i-42% ye-liquid base, i-45% ye-liquid base kanye ne-50% ye-liquid base ngokusho kwengxenye enkulu ye-sodium hydroxide.Ukucaciswa okujwayelekile kungu-32% no-50%.Njengamanje, ukukhiqizwa kwe-alkali ewuketshezi kubala ngaphezu kuka-80% wengqikithi, kanti u-99% we-caustic soda ulinganiselwa ku-14%.Umlotha wesoda ozungeza emakethe uhlukaniswe waba yi-alkali elula ne-alkali esindayo, womabili asesimweni esiqinile futhi ahlukaniswa ngokuminyana.Ukuminyana kwenqwaba ye-alkali ekhanyayo ngu-500-600kg/m3 kanti ukuminyana kwe-alkali esindayo kungu-900-1000kg/m3.I-alkali esindayo ilandisa cishe ngo-50-60%, ngokusho komehluko wamanani phakathi kokubili kunesikhala sokulungisa esingu-10%.
3. Izindlela ezahlukene nezindlela zokuhamba
Izinhlobo ezahlukene zomzimba zenza i-caustic soda nomlotha wesoda zihluke kumodi yokuthutha kanye nendlela.Ukuthuthwa kwe-alkali okuwuketshezi kuvame ukwenziwa ngeloli elivamile le-carbon steel tank, ukuhlushwa kwe-alkali okuwuketshezi kungaphezu kuka-45% noma izidingo ezikhethekile zekhwalithi kufanele zenziwe ngeloli lethangi lensimbi engenasici, i-alkali ngokuvamile isetshenziswa isikhwama esingu-25kg seplastiki esenziwe ngezingqimba ezintathu noma ibhakede lensimbi.Ukupakishwa nokugcinwa komlotha wesoda kulula, futhi kungapakishwa ngezikhwama zepulasitiki ezilukiweyo eziphindwe kabili nezikodwa.Njengekhemikhali eyingozi ewuketshezi, i-alkali enguketshezi inokukhiqiza okuqinile kwesifunda futhi izindawo zokuthengisa zigxile eNyakatho naseMpumalanga yeChina, kuyilapho ukukhiqizwa kwe-alkali okuqinile kugxile enyakatho-ntshonalanga yeChina.Indawo yokukhiqiza yesoda ash igxile kakhulu, kodwa indawo yokuthengisa ihlakazekile.Uma kuqhathaniswa ne-soda, ukuthuthwa kwe-alkali okuwuketshezi kuvinjelwe kakhulu, amakhilomitha angaphezu kuka-300 emotweni.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Nov-30-2022